Apple Macintosh PowerBook 180 computers Manual do Utilizador

MacintoshUser’s Guidefor Macintosh PowerBook 160 and 180 computersIncludes setup instructions and important health-related informationPart IILearning

Disconnecting someone who is connected to your computer 213Gaining access to your computer from another computer 214Changing your password 215Us

4. To show a balloon describing your startup hard disk,point to the hard disk icon.A balloon appears next to the icon. Balloons do not affect howyou w

Use Part III of this bookPart III of this book, Macintosh Reference, contains all theinformation you need to use your computer’s hardware andsystem so

Setting Up Your ProgramsIn this chapterm Installing or updating system softwarem Installing your programsm Working with several programs at a timem Us

Before you installYou use the Installer program to install, reinstall, or update systemsoftware on a startup disk.Important: Before you install a new

4. Click OK.The Easy Install dialog box appears.5. Make sure that the hard disk named in the box is theone you want to install system software on.If i

Installing customized system softwareCustom installation allows you to select a combination of systemfiles for your specific needs. You can also use c

Important: Be sure to install the files that your Macintoshuses to communicate with the printer, network, and otherequipment it is connected to. 8. C

Installing your programsMost application programs come on floppy disks, and you installthem by simply copying them from the floppy disks to your hardd

Checking for computer virusesViruses—programs that damage files or erase disks—can beintroduced into your computer from a floppy disk, from a shareddi

Chapter 15 Travel, Storage, and Service 247Traveling with the PowerBook 247Storing the PowerBook 248Short-term storage (up to 2 weeks) 248L

Working with several programs at a timeYou can open as many programs and desk accessories as yourcomputer’s memory allows.All open programs are listed

Changing the amount of memory a program usesEach program you open sets aside the amount of memory itneeds. (If you don’t have enough memory to open a

Using the ScrapbookYou can use the Scrapbook to store text, graphics, sounds, andother elements that you frequently include in your documents.Storing

Using a RAM diskA RAM disk is a portion of your computer’s memory that you setaside for use as a temporary storage device. Using a RAM diskconserves p

5. Choose Restart from the Special menu.A RAM disk icon appears on the desktop when the computerrestarts.6. Drag the items you want to the RAM disk ic

Making a RAM disk the startup diskIf you have 6 MB or more of memory, you can make a RAM diskyour startup disk.1. Create a RAM disk.2. Locate and open

Power ManagementIn this chaptern Checking the battery leveln Responding to low-power messagesn Recharging the batteryn Removing or replacing the batte

The Battery desk accessory appears.The line of rectangles is the battery gauge. Black rectanglesindicate the charge level. You can see the level decre

The second message is followed almost immediately by a thirdand final message indicating that the computer is about to putitself to sleep. When time i

Appendix C Map 285Setting your location 285Comparing locations 286Finding a location 287Adding or removing a location 288Adding a location

s Warning: Use only the power adapter that came with yourcomputer. Adapters for other electronic devices (includingother portable computers) may look

Recharging with a rechargerA battery recharger and additional batteries are available asoptions for your computer. If you purchase a recharger and ane

3. Place the battery in the recharger as shown.Recharging begins immediately. You can remove a batteryfrom the recharger at any time.Important: To pre

4. Carefully pull the battery out of its compartment.5. If you are inserting another battery, slide it into thebattery compartment.Replacement batteri

Maximizing work timeYour PowerBook’s battery can provide up to 3 hours of work timebefore you need to recharge it. The actual work time availabledepen

Chapter 7: Power Management 109Adjusting the battery conservation settingsThe Battery Conservation section of the PowerBook control panelgives you

More about automatic sleepThe Battery Conservation slider controls two different powerconservation features: system sleep and hard disk sleep.n System

Processor cyclingIf the computer is not doing anything for a few seconds, itreduces the power consumption of its microprocessor. Themicroprocessor com

Processor speedThe processor speed feature allows you to slow the computer’smicroprocessor speed (from 33 or 25 MHz to 16 MHz). Someprograms may work

Using DisksIn this chaptern Preparing a new disk for usen Erasing a diskn Choosing a startup diskn Protecting the information on a diskn If you can’t

How to Use This BookThis book has several parts. Chapter 1 explains how to set up your computer and learnhow to use it. Chapters 2–5 are a tutorial

1. Insert Disk Toolsand turn on your computer.2. Locate the Apple HD SC Setup icon and open it.The name of the hard disk currently selected is shown a

Initializing a floppy diskInitializing a new floppy disk prepares the disk to storeinformation.1. Insert a new floppy disk into your floppy disk drive

Erasing a floppy diskErasing a disk actually reinitializes it.s Warning: When you erase a disk, you lose any informationthat was on the disk. s1. Cli

Scanning order for startup disksWhen you turn on your computer, it looks for a startup disk(a disk containing a System Folder) in the following sequen

Locking a fileYou use the Get Info command to lock a document or a program.Locking a program may affect its operation.1. Click the icon of the file yo

Chapter 8: Using Disks 119Backing up your filesMaking backup copies of important files is good protectionagainst possible damage to the originals.n

Ejecting a diskYou can eject a floppy disk by doing any of the following:n Click the disk icon to select it and choose Put Away from theFile menu.The

Caring for disksFor information on floppy disk care, see the section on workingwith disks in Part II of this book, or consult the instructions thatcam

n If the hard disk is external, make sure it is turned on and itscable is connected firmly; then restart the Macintosh.n Check the ID numbers of all S

3. Click the Drive button until the name of the disk youwant to test appears. Click the Eject button if you wantto insert a different floppy disk.4.

Testing a hard diskYou can test a hard disk with the Apple HD SC Setup program,which is on the system software disk labeled Disk Tools.1. Insert Disk

Organizing Your FilesIn this chapterm Straightening up your filesm Using folders to organize your filesm Filing documents when you save themm Making i

Using folders to organize your filesMacintosh folders, like the paper folders in a file cabinet, can beused to store and organize your work. You can p

Filing documents when you save themThe first time you save a document (or whenever you choose SaveAs to create another version of that document), a di

Making items easier to findYour Macintosh provides several ways to make a file, folder,or other item easy to find and open. You canm create aliases fo

Locating the original of an aliasAn alias’s Info window shows the location of the original.1. Select the alias whose original you want to find.2. Choo

Finding an itemWhen the Finder is the active program, you can use the Findcommand in the File menu to find any item on any diskconnected to your compu

Finding an item using other criteriaYou can use the Find command to find items by size, label, date,or other characteristics.1. Choose Find from the F

6. Choose a search location from the pop-up menulabeled Search.7. If you want all items displayed at once, click thecheckbox labeled “all at once.”8.

Finding items that meet two criteriaYou can locate items that meet two sets of criteria, such as allitems created before a certain date and larger tha

Radio and television interferenceThe equipment described in this manual generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy. If it is not installe

Creating a template or stationeryMost documents can be saved as or converted into a stationerypad, which is a template form of the document. The templ

4. Close the Info window. The document icon now appears as a stationery pad icon.When you open a stationery pad, an untitled window appearsshowing the

Using the View menuYou can use the View menu to display the contents of a windowby icon or small icon, or you can list items according to variouschara

Tips on transferring filesYou can transfer files from your computer’s internal hard disk inthe following ways:m Over a networkYou can connect your com

Sound, Color, and VideoIn this chapterm Setting the beep soundm Installing a soundm Removing a soundm Recording soundsm Displaying colors or graysm Ch

3. Click the beep sound that you want your computer touse.When you click a sound to select it, it’s played at the currentvolume setting. 4. Drag the s

Removing a soundYou can remove sounds in the Sound control panel. Make sureyou have a backup copy of the sounds on floppy disk. (To copy asound, you c

5. Click the Add button.6. Get ready to record, then click the Record button. Recording begins immediately. You have ten seconds torecord your sound.

Displaying colors or graysYou can designate how many colors or shades of gray you wantyour monitor to display. (How many colors or grays yourcomputer

Changing the highlight color or grayYou can change the color or shade of gray your computer uses tohighlight selected text on the screen. You make thi

3. To change the brightness of the color wheel, drag thescroll box up or down.4. Click a color on the color wheel to select it.The new color is displa

Changing the background patternYou can change the background pattern that appears on yourcomputer screen in the General Controls panel.1. Choose Contr

5. To edit a pattern, click in the pattern editing area to theleft of the sample pattern.Each dot in the square changes color when you click it. Yourc

Changing the colors in the Label menuYou can change the colors or shades of gray (as well as the labels)in the Label menu. You make these changes in t

3. Click a color on the color wheel to select it.The new color is displayed in the top half of the square. Thecurrent color remains in the bottom half

2. Check the ID numbers of your monitors by clicking theIdentify button.A large number appears in the center of each monitor’sscreen; it corresponds t

Controlling automatic screen dimmingYour computer screen dims automatically when the computer isleft idle. It does so in order to avoid “burn-in,” whi

Magnifying the screen imageThe CloseView control panel lets you magnifythe image on your computer screen up tosixteen times. It is supplied as part of

To turn the magnification on or off, pressx–Option–X. (When CloseView is on andthe magnification is off, a rectangle onthe screen indicates which area

Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBookIn this chaptern Setting up your computern Installing system softwaren Learning how to use your computern Turning t

Adapting Your Computerto Your Own UseIn this chaptern Specifying which items you want opened at startupn Installing an item in the Apple menun Install

Specifying which items you want openedat startupTo have a program or a document open automatically whenyou start up your computer, drag its icon or it

Most special files are stored in folders inside the System Folder.When you drag a file’s icon to the System Folder icon, yourcomputer recognizes which

Changing the items in the Label menuYou can change the labels (as well as the colors) in the Labelmenu. You make these changes in the Labels control p

You can also set the time and date using the General Controlspanel or the Alarm Clock.Setting a time for the Alarm Clock to go offYou can set the Alar

3. Click the alarm clock icon in the lower-right corner toselect it.The alarm clock icon becomes highlighted when you select it.The time that appears

Changing the date format1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu andopen the Date & Time control panel.2. In the Date & Time control p

Changing the time format1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (K) menu andopen the Date & Time control panel.2. In the Date & Time control p

Changing number and currency formatsYou can choose among several formats for displaying numbersand currency. 1. Choose Control Panels from the Apple (

Setting up the computerStep 1: Plug in the power adapterPlugging in the power adapter recharges the computer’s batterywhile you work. You should plug

Adjusting the way the trackball ormouse worksYou can adjust two aspects of trackball or mouse operation in theMouse control panel: tracking, which is

Adjusting the way the keyboard worksYou can adjust the rate at which a character repeats when its key isheld down as well as the delay before the char

Making keyboard shortcuts easier to typeWith the system software feature called Sticky Keys, you can typekeyboard shortcuts (such as x-S for the Save

Adjusting the blinking of a menu itemYou can change the number of times a menu item blinks when it’schosen. You make this adjustment in the General Co

Changing the way the contents of windows appearYou can change the way the contents of Finder windows aredisplayed, and you can change the items in the

Changing an iconYou can change an icon by creating or copying a picture you wantand then pasting it into an icon’s Info window. Some icons can’t be ch

170 Chapter 11: Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use6. Choose Paste from the Edit menu.The picture you copied replaces the selected icon in the Inf

Managing memoryOccasionally you may need to make adjustments in how yourMacintosh uses its random-access memory (RAM) in order towork efficiently with

n Reducing the size of the disk cache makes more memoryavailable. (See the disk cache section in this chapter.)n Reducing the amount of memory a progr

Using hard disk space as memoryYour computer can use space on a hard disk to increase thememory available for opening programs. The disk space, calle

Step 2: Open the displayn Slide the latch to the right and lift up the display.Position the display at a comfortable viewing angle. You canadjust the

5. Choose Restart from the Special menu.After you restart, your computer’s total memory includes thevirtual memory you set aside on the hard disk. Cho

PrintingIn this chaptern Before you printn Printing your workn Controlling background printingn Working with fontsBefore you printBefore you can print

If your printer is connected directly to your computerMake sure you’ve connected the printer according to theinstructions that came with it.1. Choose

1. Choose Chooser from the Apple (K) menu.2. Click the Active button next to the word “AppleTalk.”If Active wasn’t already selected, a message appears

Selecting Page Setup optionsYou use the Page Setup dialog box when you’ve selected a newprinter in the Chooser, or when you want to use a different pa

Updating printer software on networked computersAll computers that share printers on a network must have thesame version of the printer software. The

If you want to update the printer software that is alreadyinstalled on your disk, go to step 5.When you click Customize, the custom installation dialo

v Printing color or gray-scale documents: You can print color or gray-scale documents on any color printer that can use theLaserWriter printer softwar

Solutions to common printing problemsIf nothing happens or if you see an error message when you try to print, try the following:n Make sure that the p

Controlling background printingIf you are using a LaserWriter or StyleWriter printer and thebackground printing option is turned on in the Chooser, yo

K Apple Computer, Inc.This manual and the software described in it are copyrighted, with all rights reserved.Under the copyright laws, this manual or

Step 3: Turn on the computern Open the door to the back panel of your computer.n Press the power button (I) to turn the computer on.You hear a tone wh

Working with fontsA font is a collection of letters, numbers, and symbols in adistinctive typographic design.Several fonts come with your computer’s s

Bitmap fonts (also called fixed-size fonts) appear only in certainsizes, because each character is a grid of black-and-white dots(called a bitmap), wh

Removing fonts1. Quit all open programs.2. Open the System folder on your startup disk.3. Locate the Fonts folder and open it.The Fonts folder contain

2. Choose Download Fonts from the File menu.3. If the font you want to download is not listed, click theAdd button to add fonts to the list.Use the di

Finding out about available fontsMany programs have a Font menu that lists the fonts installed inyour system, though some programs do not list them al

Restarting a LaserWriter printerRestarting the printer clears its memory, removing the fontsstored there.1. Open the LaserWriter Font Utility icon.2.

Transferring a PostScript file to a LaserWriterYou can use the LaserWriter Font Utility to send a file in PostScriptformat to a LaserWriter printer.1.

Using Your Computeron a NetworkIn this chaptern What networking offersn Setting up your Macintosh on a networkn Gaining access to files on shared disk

You can designate specific folders and hard disks on yourcomputer as “shared files” that other people can gain access to. n Print documents on network

Connecting to a networkYour computer has built-in AppleTalk networking software. Thissoftware directly supports the LocalTalk cables you need toconnec

n If you see a blinking question mark on your screen, youneed to install system software on the computer’s hard disk.System software includes the prog

3. Close the Chooser.When AppleTalk is active, Macintosh PowerBook computers go tosleep automatically only when they run out of battery power, orwhen

Gaining access to files on shared disksYou can retrieve and store information on other computersconnected to your network. For example, a colleague ca

v If the AppleShare icon does not appear: Make sure thatAppleTalk is active in the Chooser. Make sure that theAppleShare file is in the Extensions fo

10.Click OK.If your password is not accepted: Make sure that Caps Lock isnot on. Type your password again, taking care not to maketyping errors. If it

Connecting quickly to a shared diskBy making an alias for a shared disk, you can connect to that diskby simply opening the alias.1. Connect to a share

3. If you’re connecting as a registered user, click thebutton that indicates whether you want to save yourname only, or both your name and your passwo

Working with files and folders on other computersOnce you are connected to a shared disk, you can use the filesand folders on it as if they were on yo

3. Type your current password. Then press Tab and type anew password.A bullet (•) appears for each letter you type.4. Click OK.5. Click OK in the dial

Sharing your own filesYou can share files stored on your computer with others onthe network. For example, members of your work group canconnect to you

3. Close the Sharing Setup control panel.If you want to give everyone on the network access to the itemsyou share, continue with the next section, “Tu

Installing system softwareSystem software is a set of programs that your computer uses tostart up and operate. To install system software on your hard

Selecting a folder or disk to shareYou can share any folder, hard disk, or CD-ROM disc connected toyour computer. (You cannot share floppy disks.) You

Important: Before you put programs inside shared foldersor disks, remember that copyright laws may prevent thoseprograms from being shared. Check the

3. Type the name of a person you want to register.Make sure you notify the person of the name you type.(Capitalization does not have to match.)4. To r

Naming a group of usersYou can name several registered users as a registered group.1. Open the Users & Groups control panel and chooseNew Group fr

n To see all the groups that a user belongs to, open theuser’s member icon or user icon.Selecting a user or group to share a folder or diskYou can giv

Chapter 13: Using Your Computer on a Network 2095. To share the item with only the user or group you’vechosen, click the bottom row of checkboxes (n

2. To deny access to a specific user, open the user icon. To deny access to guests, open the <Guest> icon.3. If an X appears in the “Allow to co

Chapter 13: Using Your Computer on a Network 211Removing a user from a group1. In the Users & Groups control panel, open thegroup icon.2. Drag t

If you select <Any User>, then anyone on the network canchange the access privileges or ownership of the item.4. Close the window and click Save

Monitoring file-sharing activityWhen file sharing is on, you can see who is connected to yourcomputer and what folders or disks you’ve shared.n Choose

Continuing your workNext you see a message that asks whether you want to continueusing your Macintosh. To continue working or to learn how to usethe c

4. Click OK.A message remains on the screen until the time is up. You canswitch to any program you already have open so you cancontinue working.5. Whe

5. Close the window and the Users & Groupscontrol panel.6. Leave your computer turned on.To gain access to your computer, connect to it as a regis

Using access privilegesAccess privileges let you control what other people can do withthe information you share on a network. For example, you mightwa

Setting access privileges to folders and disksYou can set access privileges for shared items on your owncomputer and for items that you own on other c

Access privilege strategiesAccess privileges can be combined in several ways. A few commonand useful strategies are summarized here.n Allow everyone o

n Keep a folder private but allow others to place files orfolders into it. People on the network can deposit files orfolders into this folder but only

Checking your access privilegesWhen you open a folder on another computer, icons under thetitle bar indicate the privileges that you do not have.Linki

2. If your network has zones, select a zone in the lower-left section of the dialog box.3. Select the Macintosh you want to connect to in theupper-lef

Disconnecting a program linkTo disconnect a link to a program on another computer, quit theprogram you used to create the link.Allowing other people t

Selecting a program for linkingBefore a network user can link to your program, you need toshare it.1. Quit the program if it’s open, then click its ic

4. Press and release one of the trackball buttons.Both buttons do the same thing.The screen darkens, you hear a sound, and then after amoment the Maci

Naming specific users to link to your programsYou can identify the registered users and groups you want to linkto your programs.1. Choose Control Pane

Expanding Your Computer SystemIn this chaptern Using SCSI devicesn Using your PowerBook as a SCSI diskn Using an external monitorn Connecting a modemn

To connect a SCSI device to the SCSI port on your PowerBook,you need an Apple HDI-30 SCSI System Cable.Setting up one or more SCSI devices for use wit

The ID numbers of Apple SCSI devices can be set as follows.1. Make sure the SCSI device is turned off.If the device is already part of a SCSI chain, m

Checking that the SCSI chain is properly terminatedTo ensure accurate transmission of information, a chain of SCSIdevices must have a terminator at ea

Connecting cabless Warning: When making SCSI connections, always turn offpower to all devices in the chain. Failure to do so can causethe loss of info

Using your PowerBook as a SCSI diskIf you have an optional cable called the Apple HDI-30 SCSI DiskAdapter, you can connect your PowerBook to any deskt

7. Connect the PowerBook to either (a) the desktopMacintosh or (b) the end of the SCSI chain.“Desktop Macintosh” includes all the models listed in the

232 Chapter 14: Expanding Your Computer SystemTerminatorSCSI system cable HDI-30 SCSI disk adapter2 TerminatorsSCSI system cable HDI-30 SCSIdisk ada

Simplifying the SCSI disk connection processIf you regularly plan to use your PowerBook as a SCSI diskwith the same desktop Macintosh, you can leave t

Your computer at a glanceI Power buttonElevation feet¯ Power adapter portg SCSI port (HDI-30)V Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port™ Video out port≈ Sou

6.Shut down the desktop Macintosh and any other SCSIdevices in the chain.7.Change conflicting ID numbers if necessary.8.Connect the other end of the a

Quitting SCSI disk mode1. Shut down the desktop Macintosh.2. Press the power button on the back of the PowerBookto turn it off.3. Turn off any other S

Using an external monitorYour PowerBook has a video port to which you can connect any ofthe following Apple monitors:n Macintosh 12" Monochrome D

Arrange the monitor so the top of the screen is slightly beloweye level while you work. Position the monitor to minimizeglare and reflections on the s

Trouble?n Nothing happened when you tried to turn on the PowerBook.Make sure that all your equipment is connected properly, andtry pressing the power

Making the external monitor the main monitorThe main monitor is the one that displays the menu bar. ThePowerBook’s screen is the main monitor whenever

Working with an external monitorThis section summarizes how your computer and externalmonitor behave when you use them together.SleepThe PowerBook wil

Disconnecting an external monitor1. Make sure your computer is shut down.If you disconnect the monitor while your computer is on, thecomputer will tur

Connecting a modemApple offers an optional, low-power, internal fax/data modem foryour computer. See the modem manual for information about thismodem

Connecting a printerThe printer port on your computer can accept either adirect cable connection (to a printer such as the StyleWriter)or a network ca

Learning the basicsThe PowerBook comes with a tour and a tutorial to help you startusing your computer as quickly as possible.n The Macintosh Basics t

Using sound input and output devicesBuilt-in microphoneYour computer has a built-in microphone centered just below thedisplay. The microphone has no o

Sound output devicesThe PowerBook also has a sound output port (marked with theicon -) to which you can connect speakers, an amplifier,headphones, or

Travel, Storage, and ServiceIn this chaptern Traveling with the computern Storing the computern Getting service and supportn Getting more information

n Some airlines may restrict or prohibit the use of computers inflight. Check ahead to find out what restrictions, if any, apply.n Take the necessary

Long-term storage (more than 2 weeks)1. Save your work on a hard disk or floppy disks.2. Choose Shut Down from the Special menu.3. Close the display.4

How to get helpTo obtain service in the United States, you can contact either yournearest authorized Apple dealer or Apple Computer directly. Ifyou ar

For more information aboutMacintosh computersMacintosh user groupsWhatever your level of computer experience, you may beinterested in joining a Macint

To establish an APDA account, obtain ordering information, orfind out about site licensing and developer training programs,contact:APDAApple Computer,

Summary and Shortcutsn Double-click an object on screen by pointing to theobject and clicking twice in rapid succession, withoutmoving the mouse.Doubl

Finding the tourYour Macintosh Basics tour may be on a floppy disk, or it may beon the computer’s hard disk.n If the Macintosh desktop appeared on the

Opening an iconYou open an icon by selecting it and choosing Open from the Filemenu or using the keyboard shortcut x-O or x–Down Arrow. Oryou can doub

Scrolling through the contents of a windown Click the up, down, left, or right scroll arrow.n Click the vertical or horizontal scroll bar (when it’sgr

Using the outline form in list viewsAny list view you choose from the View menu (that is, any viewexcept the icon and small icon views) shows the cont

Pop-up menus often appear in dialog boxes that you use to setoptions or preferences. You can recognize a pop-up menu by asmall solid triangle, pointin

3. Drag sideways to the submenu, drag to the submenuitem you want to choose so that it’s highlighted, andthen release the mouse or trackball button.Ke

TroubleshootingThis section describes possible causes and solutions for somecommon problems you may have with your MacintoshPowerBook or associated eq

The computer just stopped.n The computer may have gone to sleep. Press any key on thekeyboard (except Caps Lock) to wake it again.n The battery may ha

The computer exhibits odd behavior, such as manyunexplained system failures.n A common cause of unexplained problems is multiple SystemFolders on your

The battery can’t be recharged.n There may be a loose connection. Make sure all plugs aresecurely attached.n If all connections are OK, then the batte

The screenThe screen looks blurred or out of focus.n The viewing angle may not be optimal. Tilt the display on itshinge until the screen looks better.

2. Being careful not to roll the trackball, press thetrackball button twice in quick succession.Now your screen should look like the picture following

A window has disappeared.n Another open window on the desktop may have covered thewindow you’re looking for. Move, resize, close, or hidewindows you a

The computer doesn’t recognize your SCSI devices.n The devices may be off. Check to make sure that they areplugged in and turned on.n If the device is

Disk drives and disksThe computer won’t start up from its hard disk, or thehard disk icon doesn’t appear on the desktop.n There may have been a tempor

A high-density (1.4 MB) disk you use with your PowerBookcomputer is not recognized by another Macintosh.n Some disk drives cannot recognize high-densi

You can’t save or copy files onto a floppy disk.n The disk may be locked. Unlock it by sliding the tab so that itcovers the hole at the corner of the

PrintersYour computer can’t find the printer.n The printer may be turned off. Turn it on.n The printer may not be selected in the Chooser. Open theCho

Your documents are printed with the wrong fonts.n The printer may not have your fonts in its memory and issubstituting other fonts. You may be able to

The shared disk you want to connect to does not appear inthe Chooser window.n AppleTalk must be active before you can use a shared disk.Make sure that

Application programsA program won’t open.n Some programs can’t be opened from a locked floppy disk.Make sure the disk is unlocked.n The program may be

A message says that a program could not be found.n You may be trying to open a document created with aprogram you don’t have on your computer, or crea

4. Being careful not to roll the trackball, press thetrackball button twice in quick succession.Now your screen should look like the following illustr

Keyboard and Character Sets275Appendix A1!2@3#4$5%6 7&8*9(0)+=delete~'YUI OPQWERTtablockcapsshiftctrl optionescshiftreturnenterSDFGHJKLAZXCVB

Using Caps LockThe Caps Lock key on PowerBook computers does not staydepressed even when it’s locked. You can tell whether Caps Lockis on or off by lo

To type a character with a diacritical mark (such as an acute accentor an umlaut), you press the Option key along with a specificletter key, and then

Exchanging Disks and FilesWith MS-DOS ComputersApple File Exchange is a file format conversion program suppliedon your system software disks. The prog

3. Click MS-DOS.4. If necessary, click the capacity (in K) of the disk youinserted.If you want to initialize a high-density (Ó) disk in MS-DOSformat,

Converting files to and fromMS-DOS formatApple File Exchange provides two methods of file conversion—text and binary. Text translation is for text fil

5. Pull down the translation menu you want.6. Make sure that the translators for the types of files youselected have checkmarks; if not, choose them s

Other file-conversion optionsApple File Exchange’s File menu provides several other options toassist you with file conversions.To see explanations of

ContentsPreface How to Use This Book xiiiRadio and television interference xvnPart I Getting Started With Your Computer 1Chapter 1 Settin

6. Press the trackball button twice in quick succession.Now your screen should look like the following picture:If you don’t see this screen, try again

MapThe Map control panel lets you set your computer’s location andfind out the distance and the time difference between yourlocation and cities around

2. Type the city nearest your current location and thenclick the Find button (or press the Return key).If you aren’t sure how the city is spelled, typ

The distance to and the time at the other location are shown atthe bottom of the window. The distance is based on the shortestpossible route (called t

Adding or removing a locationAdding a location1. If the map does not show the location you want to add,scroll by dragging beyond the map in the direct

Aaccent marks, typing 277access privileges 216–220. See also filesharing; networkchecking 220set by others 219setting 217strategies for using 2

Bbackground pattern, changing 146–147background printing 177, 183backlight dimming 240backup copies 119backup program 119Balloon Help 83–84batte

clock, setting 158–160close box 44–45CloseView control panel 152–153Close Window command 46closing a document 56, 65closing a window 44, 45color

Ddamage to computer 249dateformat, changing 160, 161searching for files by 133setting 158–159Date & Time control panel 158–159, 161, 162DCA-R

Starting the tour from a floppy disk1. Insert the Macintosh Basicsdisk into the floppy diskdrive (metal end first, label side up).After a moment, your

documents 48adding to Apple menu 156aliases for 128–129backing up 119changing 58–64closing 56, 65converting to and from stationery134–135copying

Ffax/data modem 242filesadding to System Folder 156–157assigning label and color to 136backing up 119closing 56, 65color of icons 136, 147conver

floppy disks (continued)restarting from 22starting up from 22, 91transferring files from 137troubleshooting 119, 120, 122–124,266–267folders 47a

hardware configurationADB devices 243external monitor 236–241headphones or speakers 245memory 245microphone 244modem 242mouse 243printer 243SC

Kkeyboard 49, 275adjusting response of 165–166comfort tips 27turning computer on from 18, 109Keyboard control panel 165keyboard shortcuts 62, 16

memory. See also disk cache; RAM disk;virtual memoryadding 245changing a program’s use of 95checking use of 171and disk cache 172managing 171–174

network (continued)naming registered groups 207naming registered users 205–206preventing access to your computer209–210removing users/groups from y

power button 233restarting the computer with 22“Shut Down” warning 17turning on the computer with 4, 19power management 101–112power problemslow

Qquestion mark startup icon 5, 87, 117question mark (Help menu) icon 83–84Quit command 64quittinga program 56, 64, 65SCSI disk mode 235turning th

Ssafety instructions 23–26, 107, 247–248Save As command 134Save command 53–54, 61–62, 134saving your work 53–54, 61–62in a directory 127as a temp

2. Roll the trackball to move the arrow over the picture ofthe man labeled “Macintosh Basics.”Make sure the tip of the arrow is over the picture of th

shift-clicking 253Shift key 49, 275shortcuts. See keyboard shortcutsShow Balloons command 83Shut Down command 17, 97size box 40–43size of window,

TTab key 258, 275TeachText program 52technical information 251–252technical support 250telephone lines, transferring files over 137templates, cre

TrueType fonts 184downloading 186–187installing 185turning computer off 17turning computer on 4–5, 19and connecting automatically to a shareddisk

Apple Computer, Inc.20525 Mariani AvenueCupertino, California 95014-6299(408) 996-1010TLX 171-576030-2674-APrinted in U.S.A.

Turning the PowerBook on and offYour Macintosh PowerBook can be in one of three power states:off, sleep, or on.OffWhen the PowerBook is off, the compu

SleepWhen the PowerBook is in sleep, it draws enough power tomaintain the information in its memory (including any openprograms and documents). The co

OnWhen the PowerBook is on, you can do your work.To turn the PowerBook onn If the computer is off, press the power button (I).n If the computer is in

20 Chapter 1: Setting Up Your Macintosh PowerBookWhen you turn on your computerWhen you turn on your PowerBook, the computer looks on thehard disk ins

Restarting a computer that’s already onYou need to restart your computer—turn it off and back on againimmediately—when you want to make certain change

n Hold down the power button for 5 seconds.When you let go, the computer turns itself off. Turning thecomputer off with the power button erases the co

Important care and safety instructionsFor your own safety and that of your equipment, read and followall the instructions in this section. Keep these

n Part II Learning Macintosh 31Chapter 2 Working on the Desktop 31Use the trackball 32Point 32Click 33Press 34Drag 35Choose a comm

s Cautionn If you have a problem with your computer and nothingpresented in the manuals that came with the computer solvesthe problem, take the comput

n Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments.n Keep dirt and liquids away from the ports on the back panel,the keyboard, and the trackball.

Health concerns associated withcomputer useMuscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuriessometimes associated with computer use can

Arranging your work space and equipmentThe suggestions in this section can help you work morecomfortably with your computer.ChairWhenever possible, us

n If you prefer, you can adjust the angle of the keyboard byrotating the elevation feet at both ends of the back panel untilthey snap into position.Th

External monitorIf you sometimes use an external monitor, these suggestions maybe helpful.n If possible, arrange the monitor so the top of the screen

Working on the DesktopIn this chapterReview basic trackball skills:n Moving the pointern Choosing a commandn Opening an iconn Looking at the contents

Use the trackballYour computer has a two-button trackball. You use the ball itself tocontrol the movements of a pointer on the screen. The pointeryou’

ClickYou click an object on the screen by pressing and quickly releasinga trackball button while the pointer is over that object.Practice clicking dif

Chapter 4 Working With Disks 69Insert a floppy disk 70Floppy disks and hard disks 71Initialize a disk 72Copy the contents of a disk 74Taki

PressYou press by holding down a trackball button without moving thetrackball.Practice pressing the menu names and icons in the menu bar—start with th

DragYou drag an object on the screen by pointing to that object andholding down a trackball button while you roll the trackball.Practice dragging the

Choose a commandChoosing a command involves using a combination of thetrackball actions you’ve reviewed.1. Point to the Special menu title in the menu

Open an iconOpening an icon is your first exercise in telling the computer what you want it to do.1. Click the startup hard disk icon to select it.The

Look at the contents of a windowEvery window has several features that help you view thewindow’s contents. But before you can work with the contents o

4. Drag to the Open command so it becomes highlighted,and then release the trackball button.When you choose the Open command, the Trash icon opensinto

5. Click anywhere in the Macintosh HD window to makeit the active window.Notice that the solid lines now appear at the top of theMacintosh HD window.

2. Drag the size box in any direction, and then release thetrackball button.While you drag, an outline follows the pointer to indicate thewindow’s new

Move the hidden contents of a window into viewAs you work with your computer, you’ll encounter windowscontaining more than you can view on the screen

6. Drag the size box diagonally (up and to the left) tomake the window about half its current size, and thenrelease the trackball button.The bars acro

Using a RAM disk 97Creating a RAM disk 97Erasing a RAM disk 98Resizing or removing a RAM disk 98Making a RAM disk the startup disk 99Chapter

9. Drag the scroll box toward the middle of the horizontalscroll bar, and then release the trackball button.Now you see the icons near the middle of t

Move a windowYou can move a window anywhere on the screen by dragging itstitle bar. By changing the position and size of windows, you canarrange your

The window closes, and the Macintosh HD icon reappears inits previous form.The Trash window (the remaining window on the Macintoshdesktop) becomes the

Different types of icons represent different types of containers.Hard disks and floppy disks are like filing cabinets. You use disksto store files—you

Documents are files containing words, pictures, numbers,sounds—whatever you create with your programs.The Trash is a container for files that you no l

Using the keyboardYou use the keyboard to type text and numbers, just as youwould on a typewriter. (For touch typists, your keyboard hasraised dots in

51Creating and Changing a DocumentIn this chaptern How to open a programn How to use a program to create a documentn Why it’s important to save your w

Open a programYour computer comes with a simple word-processing programcalled TeachText. You’re going to use this program to create adocument.1. Open

Create a documentThe untitled window is like a blank sheet of paper. In theupper-left corner of the empty document is a blinking vertical line (9). Th

Chapter 9 Organizing Your Files 125Straightening up your files 125Using folders to organize your files 126Creating and naming folders 126Fi

54 Chapter 3: Creating and Changing a Document2. Type “Opening Lines”.Because the word “Untitled” is selected (highlighted) whenthe dialog box appears

2. Make the Finder the active program by clicking theMacintosh HD icon, or clicking anywhere on thedesktop outside the Opening Lines window.The Finder

You choose Finder by pointing to the Application menu icon,pressing to pull down the menu, dragging to highlight thename Finder, and then releasing th

Open a documentWhen you open a document, the program you used to create thatdocument becomes the active program.1. If you closed the Macintosh HD wind

2. Open the Opening Lines icon by double-clicking it.To double-click an icon, you click it twice in rapid successionwithout moving the pointer. (Use t

3. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate left of theword “people” (after “All”).4. Drag horizontally, selecting the word “people”, andthen release

Now you’ll rearrange some text.9.Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate left of theword “they” (after “conscience,”).10.Drag horizontally, selecting

15.Press the space bar once, type “are”, and then press thespace bar once again.16.Move the I-beam pointer between the letters t and h inthe word “the

Make more changesThe changes you’ve made so far are now part of the documentthat’s stored on your hard disk.1. Move the I-beam pointer (9) between the

5. Press the Delete key once, press the space bar once,and then type “and”.6. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate left of “eachother”.7. Click th

Chapter 11 Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use 155Specifying which items you want opened at startup 156Installing an item in the Apple menu

11.Select the word “togetherness” by double-clicking it.To select a word by double-clicking it, position the I-beampointer over the word and then clic

Make a copy of a documentYou’ll often want to make a copy of a document so you canpreserve the original and modify the copy. To practice making acopy

3. Choose Duplicate from the File menu.A new icon, labeled “Opening Lines copy”, appears in the harddisk window. Notice that the icon is selected.Othe

3. With the name selected, type “Article 1”.Whatever you type replaces the selected text.4. Press the Return key.Pressing Return saves the new name.No

2. Drag the Article 1 icon to the Trash icon until bothicons are highlighted, and then release the trackballbutton.If the Macintosh HD window is block

Chapter 4Working With DisksIn this chaptern What hard disks and floppy disks are for, and how they differn How to insert and remove a floppy diskn How

Insert a floppy diskYour computer’s floppy disk drive can accommodate 3.5-inch(89-millimeter) floppy disks of two types:n high-density disks, which ca

Floppy disks and hard disksBoth floppy disks and hard disks function like filing cabinets:you use them to store information. You can store much more o

Initialize a diskEvery new disk needs to be prepared for use. Preparing a newdisk is called initializing it. In the same way that lines are drawn ona

3. Click Erase.A third dialog box appears:4. Type “Practice”.If you make any typing errors, press the Delete key tobackspace over them.5. Click OK.The

Working with fonts 184Outline fonts and bitmap fonts 184Installing fonts 185Removing fonts 186Transferring fonts to a LaserWriter printer 18

Copy the contents of a diskMost programs you’ll use with your Macintosh are supplied onfloppy disks. You can use a program more efficiently if you fir

3. Open the Practice folder icon.To open the icon, click the icon to select it and then chooseOpen from the File menu.The folder holds the contents of

Take a floppy disk out of its driveYou take a floppy disk out of its drive when you no longer need toget information from or store information on that

Protect the contents of a diskYou can lock a floppy disk so its contents cannot be changed inany way. When a disk is locked, you can look at the files

On your own: Install your programsIf you have a floppy disk drive and disks containing programs thatyou plan to use with your Macintosh, you can insta

6. Click the program folder to select it.7. Choose Open from the File menu.The folder window appears, showing you the contents of the program folder.

81Learning More About Your ComputerIn this chaptern How to open the Battery desk accessoryn How to open the PowerBook control paneln How to use the Ba

Open the Battery desk accessoryThe Battery desk accessory tells you approximately how muchpower is left in the battery as you use the computer.To open

2. Open the PowerBook icon.(Click the icon once to select it, then choose Open from theFile menu. Or double-click the icon.)The PowerBook control pane