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298 Chapter 19 Configuring and Managing System Logging

The following example specifies that for any log messages in the category mail, with a

priority of emerg or higher, the message is written to the /var/log/mail.log file:

mail.emerg /var/log/mail.log

The facility and priority are separated by a single period, and these are separated from

the action by tabs. Wildcards (“*”) can also be used. The following example line logs all

messages of any facility or priority to the file /var/log/all.log:

*.* /var/log/all.log

For information about the configuration of this file, see the syslog.conf man page.

Local Logging

The default configuration in /etc/syslog.conf is appropriate for a Mac OS X Server

system if a remote log server is not available. The computer is set to rotate log files

using a cron job at the time intervals specified in the file /etc/crontab.

Rotation entails compressing the current log file, incrementing the integer in the

filename of compressed log files, and creating a log file for new messages. For example,

the following files were created in the /var/log/ folder:

system.log

system.log.0.gz

system.log.1.gz

system.log.2.gz

system.log.3.gz

system.log.4.gz

The log files are rotated by a cron job, and the rotation occurs if the computer is on

when the job is scheduled. By default, log rotation tasks are scheduled for early in the

morning (for example, 4:30 a.m. on Saturday) to be as unobtrusive as possible. If the

computer will not be on at this time, adjust the settings in /etc/crontab.

The following example shows the default for running the weekly log rotation script,

which is configured for 4:15 a.m. on the last day of the week, Saturday (Sunday is 0). An

asterisk denotes “any,” so a line of all asterisks would execute every minute.

DayOf DayOf

#Minute Hour Month Month Week User Command

15 4 * * 6 root periodic weekly

The following line would change the time to 12:15 p.m. on Tuesday, when the computer

is more likely to be on:

DayOf DayOf

#Minute Hour Month Month Week User Command

15 12 * * 2 root periodic weekly

For more information about editing the /etc/crontab file, see the crontab man page.

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Apple Xserve Up Mac OS X Server Especificações Página 298