Apple Logic Express 9 Manual do Utilizador descarregar pdf (Página 66)

You can use the Signature List to create, copy, move, and delete time and key signature

events.

The initial time and key

signature of the project is

always displayed at the

top of the list, without

bar position indicators.

Working in the Editing Area

You can open the following editing areas directly in the Arrange window by clicking the

corresponding button at the bottom of the window.

• Mixer

• Sample Editor

• Piano Roll Editor

• Score Editor

• Hyper Editor

66 Chapter 3 Overview of the Logic Express Interface

1 2 ... 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 ... 128 129

Logic Express 9 1
Contents 3
4 Contents 4
5Contents 5
6 Contents 6
7Contents 7
8 Contents 8
9Contents 9
10 Contents 10
11Contents 11
12 Contents 12
13Contents 13
14 Contents 14
15Contents 15
16 Contents 16
Welcome to Logic Express 17
Additional Resources 19
Introducing Logic Express 21
Audio region 1 25
Audio file 25
Audio region 2 25
MIDI region 26
Setting Up Your System 27
Computer 28
Audio and MIDI Interfaces 29
Types of MIDI Devices 30
Ancillary Audio Devices 31
Computer Expansions 34
FireWire 800 (9-pin) 35
USB (Universal Serial Bus) 35
Audio Cabling 36
RCA connector (unbalanced) 37
XLR connector 37
TOSLINK connector 37
MIDI Cabling 38
Using USB MIDI Keyboards 41
Using External MIDI Devices 42
Using External Audio Effects 42
Setting Up Core Audio Devices 44
Overview of the Logic Express 45
Interface 45
Opening Logic Express 46
Working in the Arrange Area 48
Using the Toolbar 49
Using the Transport Bar 49
Using the Inspector 50
Region Parameter box 51
Arrange channel strips 51
Working in the Media Area 52
Name column 53
Loop button 53
Play button 53
Info column 53
Introducing the Loop Browser 55
Introducing the Library 57
Introducing the File Browser 58
Working in the Notes Area 60
Introducing Project Notes 61
Introducing Track Notes 61
Working in the Lists Area 62
Event type buttons 63
Region display Event display 63
Hierarchy button 63
Introducing the Marker List 64
Introducing the Tempo List 65
Working in the Editing Area 66
Introducing the Mixer 67
Introducing the Sample Editor 68
Introducing the Score Editor 69
Introducing the Hyper Editor 70
Local Menu Bars 71
Tool Menus 71
Scroll Bars 72
Zoom Sliders 72
Bar Ruler 72
Global Tracks 73
Checkboxes and Buttons 78
Pull-Down and Pop-Up Menus 78
Using the Computer Keyboard 79
Customizing Your Window Setup 81
Working in Normal Windows 82
Working in Floating Windows 83
Opening and Closing Windows 84
Moving and Resizing Windows 87
Selecting the Working Area 92
Click the gray area below 93
Zooming the Working Area 94
Zooming with the Playhead 95
Zooming with the Scroll Bars 95
Zooming with the Trackpad 96
Working in Catch Mode 100
Working in Link Mode 100
Working in Content Catch Mode 101
Displaying Global Tracks 105
Reverting to Saved Screensets 111
Navigating Your Project 113
Setting the Playhead Position 114
Division value 115
Using the Transport Buttons 117
Using Transport Key Commands 118
Using Apple Remote 120
Using Cycle Mode 121
Right locator 123
Left locatorPosition display 123
Auto Set Locators 124
Defining a Cycle with Markers 126
Using Skip Cycle 126
Customizing the Transport Bar 129
Using SMPTE View Offset 134
Working with Markers 137
Marker Text area 138
Marker List 138
Marker track 138
Creating Markers 140
Naming Markers 144
Editing Markers 148
Working with Projects 153
Creating Projects 154
Opening Projects 157
Arrow key to deselect them 166
Setting Project Properties 169
Setting the Project Tempo 171
Bar denominatorNumerator 173
Project End display 175
Adjusting Project Settings 176
Handling Project Assets 176
Managing Projects 177
Cleaning Up Projects 178
Saving Projects 180
Closing and Quitting 183
Basic Operations 185
Entering Numerical Values 186
Entering Text 187
Working with Key Commands 188
189Chapter 8 Basic Operations 189
Choosing Key Command Sets 190
Saving Key Command Sets 190
Browsing Key Commands 191
Finding Key Commands 192
193Chapter 8 Basic Operations 193
195Chapter 8 Basic Operations 195
Working with Tools 196
197Chapter 8 Basic Operations 197
Left-click Tool menu 198
Command-click Tool menu 198
Right-click Tool menu 198
199Chapter 8 Basic Operations 199
Learning About Common Tools 201
Working with Help Tags 203
Using the Shortcut Menu 204
Using Selection Techniques 205
Selecting Multiple Elements 206
Making Horizontal Selections 206
207Chapter 8 Basic Operations 207
Working with the Clipboard 210
211Chapter 8 Basic Operations 211
To erase the Undo History 213
Working with Tracks 215
Track Parameter box 217
Configuring the Track Header 218
Resize pointer 220
Using the New Tracks Dialog 223
Creating Tracks Only 226
Freezing a Track 242
Working with Frozen Tracks 243
Working with Freeze Files 244
Refreshing Freeze Files 244
Bouncing Tracks in Place 252
Bounce-Replacing All Tracks 254
Working with Instruments and 257
Volume fader 261
Working with Plug-ins 262
Moving Plug-ins 265
Using the Channel EQ 266
Settings menu 272
Adjusting Plug-in Parameters 274
Linking Plug-ins 276
Bypassing Plug-ins 277
Using the Settings Functions 278
Side Chaining Plug-ins 282
Using Insert Effects 286
Using Send Effects 286
Making Sends Low Latency Safe 290
Working with Instruments 291
Playing Software Instruments 302
Selected instrument, not 303
Instrument in live mode 303
Tuning Software Instruments 304
Loading Presets 309
Manually Enabling Plug-ins 310
Disabling Plug-ins 312
Adding Prerecorded Media 313
Navigating in the Browser 316
Green Apple Loop placed on 324
Browsing for Apple Loops 325
Music view Sound Effects view 326
Category columns 327
Auditioning Apple Loops 329
Sorting Apple Loops 330
Searching for Apple Loops 331
Overview Calculation 337
ReCycle slices 339
ReCycle folder 339
Adding MIDI and Project Files 340
Getting to Know Regions 341
Audio Regions and Audio Files 342
MIDI Regions and Events 343
Folder Regions 343
Alias and Cloned Regions 344
Creating and Removing Regions 350
Resizing a Region 352
Two-headed arrow cursor 353
Anchor Anchor 354
Protecting Audio Regions 355
Audio Bin tab 356
Creating Your Arrangement 357
Arrange area with grid 358
Arrange area without grid 358
Overriding the Snap Grid 362
Using Drag Modes 363
Scrubbing Your Arrangement 365
Using Shortcut Menus 366
Muting Regions 366
Soloing Regions 367
Naming Regions 368
Text tool 369
Assigning Colors to Regions 371
Selecting Regions 372
Selecting Parts of a Region 373
Eraser tool 376
Restoring Removed Regions 377
Limiting Region Movements 378
Time stamped audio file 380
Resizing Regions 383
Creating Region Aliases 394
Creating MIDI Region Aliases 395
Creating Region Clones 397
Creating Region Loops 400
Dividing Regions 404
Demixing MIDI Regions 407
Glue tool 408
Merging MIDI Regions 409
Merging Audio Regions 409
Working with Folders 411
Packing and Unpacking Folders 412
Entering and Exiting Folders 413
Creating an Alias Folder 415
Creating Fades 416
Editing and Deleting Fades 417
Setting Region Parameters 420
Audio Region Parameters 422
MIDI Region Parameters 422
Recording in Logic Express 427
Setting the Project Bit Depth 429
Defining the Recording Folder 435
Naming Audio Recordings 436
Setting the Recording Format 438
Record-Enabling Tracks 439
Record-Enabling MIDI Tracks 440
Audio Take Recording 441
Composited take 443
First recorded take 443
Last recorded take 443
Audio Multitrack Recording 447
Audio Punch Recording 447
Audio Replace Recording 450
Deleting Audio Recordings 451
MIDI Take Recording 452
Recording Multiple MIDI Takes 453
MIDI Multitrack Recording 457
MIDI Merge Recording 461
MIDI Replace Recording 462
MIDI Step Input Recording 469
Using the Step Input Keyboard 470
Editing Audio Take Recordings 477
Getting to Know Take Folders 478
Quick Swipe Comping on 480
Quick Swipe Comping off 480
Take Folder Editing Mode 481
Creating Comps 482
Editing Comps 483
Resizing Take Regions 488
To save the current comp 495
Renaming Takes or Comps 496
To rename a take 497
Deleting Takes or Comps 499
• Press the Delete key 501
To delete a comp 501
To flatten a take folder 512
Unpacking Take Folders 514
Tracks” from the pop-up menu 517
Flex Time Editing 521
Turning on Flex View 522
Choosing Flex Modes 522
Flex checkbox 524
Flex modeFlex mode and 525
Working with Flex Markers 528
Deleting Flex Markers 533
Using the Flex Tool 537
Flex marker 538
(on next transient) 538
(on previous transient) 538
Flex marker (on transient) 538
Opening the Sample Editor 544
Info display 550
Detected transients 556
Percentage units Sample units 568
Normal waveform display 570
Waveform displayed as 570
Machines Functions 571
Mode and Algorithm 573
Tempo parameters 573
Pitch parameters 573
Spike Reduction 582
Noise Reduction 582
Working with Tempo and Audio 591
Follow Tempo symbol 592
Time Stretching Regions 595
Removing Silent Passages from 601
Audio Regions 601
Automatic Anchor Creation 604
Managing Audio Files 607
Sorting Audio Files 608
Guitars group 609
Vocals group 609
Do one of the following: 611
Renaming Audio Files 613
Moving Audio Files 614
Deleting Audio Files 617
Optimizing Audio Files 617
Quantizing Audio and MIDI 623
Quantizing MIDI Events 632
Working with Groove Templates 634
Importing Groove Templates 636
Introduction to MIDI Editing 641
MIDI Activity display 647
Roll Editor 649
MIDI note event 650
Understanding Note Velocities 652
Opening the Hyper Editor 673
Event Definition 675
Parameter Box 675
Event definitions 675
Hyper Set menu 675
Creating Events 678
Line tool 679
Selecting Events 681
Deleting Events 681
Restoring Deleted Events 682
Changing Event Values 683
Moving and Copying Events 683
Converting Event Definitions 689
Altering the Event Status 690
First Data Byte checkbox 691
Naming an Event Definition 692
Delaying an Event Definition 692
Working with Hyper Sets 693
Creating a Hyper Set 695
Creating a GM Drum Hyper Set 695
Using Hi-Hat Mode 695
Naming a Hyper Set 696
Loading a Hyper Set 697
Filtering Event Types 702
Playhead position 704
Refining Event Selection 705
Copying and Moving Events 707
Editing Events 708
Altering Event Values 710
Learning About Event Types 712
Note Events 713
Control Change Events 714
Pitch Bend Events 715
Program Change Events 715
Aftertouch Events 716
Poly Pressure Events 717
SysEx Events 717
Meta Events 718
The Event Float Window 719
Editing MIDI Events in the 721
Transform Window 721
Random Pitch 724
Random Velocity 724
Crescendo 725
Scale 14 Bit PitchBd 726
Double Speed 726
Half Speed 727
Humanize 728
Reverse Position 728
Reverse Pitch 729
Transposition 729
Exponential Velocity 730
Velocity Limiter 731
Fixed Note Length 731
Maximum Note Length 732
Minimum Note Length 732
Quantize Note Length 733
Defining Global Parameters 734
Defining Selection Conditions 735
Defining Operations 736
Using the Map 739
Exchanging Parameter Values 740
Usage Examples 741
Opening the Mixer 748
749Chapter 27 Mixing 749
Getting to Know the Mixer 750
751Chapter 27 Mixing 751
752 Chapter 27 Mixing 752
753Chapter 27 Mixing 753
Working with Mixer Groups 754
755Chapter 27 Mixing 755
756 Chapter 27 Mixing 756
757Chapter 27 Mixing 757
Muting Channel Strips 758
Soloing Channel Strips 759
Setting Channel Strip Levels 760
761Chapter 27 Mixing 761
762 Chapter 27 Mixing 762
763Chapter 27 Mixing 763
764 Chapter 27 Mixing 764
765Chapter 27 Mixing 765
766 Chapter 27 Mixing 766
767Chapter 27 Mixing 767
768 Chapter 27 Mixing 768
769Chapter 27 Mixing 769
770 Chapter 27 Mixing 770
771Chapter 27 Mixing 771
772 Chapter 27 Mixing 772
773Chapter 27 Mixing 773
774 Chapter 27 Mixing 774
775Chapter 27 Mixing 775
776 Chapter 27 Mixing 776
777Chapter 27 Mixing 777
778 Chapter 27 Mixing 778
779Chapter 27 Mixing 779
780 Chapter 27 Mixing 780
Customizing the Mixer 781
782 Chapter 27 Mixing 782
783Chapter 27 Mixing 783
784 Chapter 27 Mixing 784
785Chapter 27 Mixing 785
Using the I/O Labels Window 786
787Chapter 27 Mixing 787
788 Chapter 27 Mixing 788
789Chapter 27 Mixing 789
790 Chapter 27 Mixing 790
791Chapter 27 Mixing 791
Renaming Tracks in the Mixer 792
793Chapter 27 Mixing 793
Working with Automation 795
Displaying Track Automation 796
Automation Parameter 797
Setting an Automation Mode 800
Choosing Automation Modes 801
Writing Track Automation Data 803
Automation Select tool 804
Creating Automation Nodes 805
Automation Curve tool 809
Offsetting Automation 810
Using Automation Quick Access 813
Hyper Draw button 815
Hyper Draw menu 815
Using the Autodefine Mode 816
Editing MIDI Automation Data 816
Using the Note Velocity Mode 816
Using Hyper Draw Key Commands 817
Conversion of Automation Data 818
Bouncing Your Project 819
Defining the Bounce Range 821
Bouncing and Dithering 832
Creating Apple Loops 835
Working with Notation 847
Opening the Score Editor 848
Event parameter box 850
Display parameter box 850
Part box 850
Stage 3: Editing Note Events 852
Stage 6: Printing a Score 854
Working with the Part Box 860
Selecting Part Box Objects 861
Note Objects in the Part Box 864
Clef Objects in the Part Box 865
Invisible note head 867
Jazz Symbols in the Part Box 873
N-tuplet symbol 885
Church restModern rest 889
Hidden Bar Lines 894
Working with Standard Text 895
Editing Text 897
Using Musical Symbol Fonts 898
Learning About Text Styles 898
Working with Text Styles 900
Working with Global Text 900
Working with Automatic Text 902
Working with Lyrics 903
Working with Chords 904
Working with Chord Grids 907
To delete a fingering dot 920
The string is muted 924
To unmute a string 924
Creating Time Signatures 931
Creating Key Signatures 932
Selecting Signatures 933
Copying Signatures 934
Editing Signatures 934
Deleting Signatures 935
Transcribing MIDI Recordings 937
Display Parameters 939
1/128-note triplets192 940
1/256-note triplets384 940
Interpretation 941
Syncopation 942
No Overlap 942
Max Dots 943
Hidden MIDI Regions 944
Changing Note Heads 945
Changing Note Sizes 945
Changing the Beaming of Notes 948
Changing the Tie Direction 948
Working with Staff Styles 950
-Alto clefViola 953
-Bass clefVioloncello 953
MappedPercussion Clef# Drums 953
Creating Staff Styles 954
Deleting Staff Styles 958
Staff Style Examples 964
Cross Staff Beaming 966
Choosing a Score Set 971
Editing Score Sets 975
Scaling Score Sets 975
Setting Line Breaks 978
Setting Page Breaks 979
Editing Local Margins 980
Printing the Score 981
Exporting the Score 982
Choosing a Color Mode 983
Displaying Folders 984
Displaying Instrument Names 984
Displaying Duration Bars 984
Displaying Guide Lines 985
Project and File Interchange 987
Setting Sharing Preferences 988
Backing Up Audio Files 992
Importing Standard MIDI Files 995
Opening Standard MIDI Files 995
Saving Standard MIDI Files 996
Working with OMF Files 998
Working with OpenTL Files 999
Working with AAF Files 1001
Advanced Tempo Operations 1011
Using the Tempo Track 1012
Using the Tempo List 1018
Using the Tempo Fader 1026
Beat Mapping Regions 1027
Beat Mapping MIDI Regions 1028
Beat Mapping Audio Regions 1030
Beat Mapping to Scene Markers 1033
Beat Mapping to Markers 1033
Transposed 1037
Working in the Environment 1043
Working with Layers 1045
Switching Between Layers 1047
Working with Objects 1048
Moving Objects 1049
Copying Objects 1050
Adjusting the Size of Objects 1051
Object with direct output 1055
Object without direct 1055
Cabling Environment Objects 1056
Exchanging Environments 1060
Updating an Older Environment 1061
Swapping Environments 1061
Environment Objects Reference 1067
Standard Instrument Objects 1070
Multi-Instrument Objects 1072
The Multi-Instrument Window 1073
Working with Sub-Channels 1075
Mapped Instrument Objects 1076
The Mapped Instrument Window 1077
Custom Bank Selects 1080
Touch Track Objects 1081
The Touch Tracks Window 1083
Fader Objects 1085
Using Faders 1086
Working with Object Groups 1087
Fader Styles 1088
Fader Functions: MIDI Events 1090
Fader Functions: Filter 1092
Vector Fader 1093
Special Faders Overview 1094
Cable Switchers 1095
Meta Event Faders 1096
Working with SysEx Faders 1097
Working with SysEx Messages 1098
Special Functions 1101
Alias Objects 1102
Alias Parameters 1103
Ornament Objects 1104
GM Mixer Objects 1104
MMC Record Buttons Objects 1107
Keyboard Objects 1108
Monitor Objects 1108
Macro Objects 1109
Arpeggiator Objects 1111
The Arpeggiator Parameter Box 1112
Transformer Objects 1113
Delay Line Objects 1119
Voice Limiter Objects 1120
Channel Splitter Objects 1121
Chord Memorizer Objects 1121
Physical Input Objects 1124
Sequencer Input Objects 1125
MIDI Click Objects 1126
Internal Objects 1128
Channel Strip Objects 1130
Channel Strip Parameters 1131
Input Channel Strip 1132
Bus Channel Strip 1133
Prelisten Channel Strip 1133
Working with Video 1135
Using the Movie Window 1137
Using the Video Track 1138
Synchronizing Logic Express 1143
Using the Sync Button 1145
MTC Interpretation 1145
Fixing Objects to Frames 1147
Positioning Bars to Frames 1147
MIDI Machine Control 1148
Working in Low Latency Mode 1154
Dealing with Latency Issues 1157
File Formats 1159
Exporting Split Channel Files 1161
Accessing Project Settings 1163
Saving Project Settings 1165
MIDI Synchronization Settings 1171
Metronome Settings 1175
Recording Settings 1177
Tuning Settings 1180
About Tuning 1182
Audio Settings 1186
MIDI Settings 1188
General MIDI Settings 1189
Input Filter Settings 1190
Chase Settings 1191
Score Settings 1192
Global Score Settings 1193
Numbers & Names Settings 1196
Tablature Settings 1199
Chords & Grids Settings 1204
Layout Settings 1209
MIDI Meaning Settings 1211
Color Settings 1213
Video Project Settings 1215
Assets Project Settings 1217
Preferences in Logic Express 1219
Saving Preferences 1220
General Editing Preferences 1224
General Cycle Preferences 1226
General Catch Preferences 1227
Core Audio Device Preferences 1230
Audio General Preferences 1233
Bounce Extensions Pane 1237
Audio MP3 Preferences 1240
Audio Reset Preferences 1241
MIDI General Preferences 1244
MIDI Sync Preferences 1245
General Display Preferences 1248
Arrange Display Preferences 1249
Mixer Display Preferences 1250
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