Apple Aperture 2 Manual do Utilizador Página 430
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430 Part III Performing Image Adjustments
To adjust levels in an image based on luminance:
1 Select an image.
2 Show the Adjustments inspector or the Adjustments pane of the Inspector HUD.
3 By default, the Levels histogram is off. Turn it on by selecting the Levels checkbox.
The Levels histogram appears.
4 Choose Luminance from the Channel pop-up menu.
5 Do one of the following:
 Drag the Black Levels and White Levels sliders to where they touch the outside of the
histogram graph, constraining the image to its new black and white points.
 Select the numbers in the Black (B) and White (W) fields, then enter a value from 0 to
1.00. By default, the black point is set to 0.00, and the white point is set to 1.00.
The tonal values for shadows and highlights in the image are updated, resulting in
more defined blacks and highlight values as well as increased overall contrast.
White Levels slider
Black Levels slider
Drag the Black Levels
and White Levels sliders
to where they touch
the outside of the
histogram graph.
- Aperture 2 1
- User Manual 1
- Contents 3
- Part II Photo Editing 4
- Contents 7 7
- 8 Contents 8
- Contents 9 9
- 10 Contents 10
- Contents 11 11
- Introducing Aperture 13
- What’s Next? 14
- Chapter 4 Importing Images 15
- An Overview of Aperture 17
- A First Look at Aperture 18
- Creating Projects 20
- Photo Editing with Aperture 23
- Inspector HUD showing 25
- Working with Inspectors 26
- Rating Images with Aperture 27
- Comparing Photos 29
- Assigning Keywords to Images 31
- Disclosure triangle 32
- A library Smart Album 32
- In the Query HUD 33
- Image Processing 34
- Distribution 35
- Printing Your Images in Books 39
- Printing and Exporting Images 40
- Backing Up Your Work 41
- The Aperture Interface 43
- The Aperture Main Window 44
- Browser in Filmstrip View 45
- Browser in Grid View 46
- Browser in List View 47
- Tool Strip 49
- Full Screen View 50
- Controls in the Filmstrip 52
- Controls in the Toolbar 53
- Inspector Pane 57
- Projects Inspector 58
- Metadata Inspector 58
- Adjustments Inspector 60
- Control Bar 62
- Keyword Controls 63
- Rating Buttons 63
- Import Pane 64
- Vault Pane 65
- Book Layout Editor 66
- Book Layout Controls 67
- Page Display Controls 68
- Webpage Editor 70
- Web Journal Controls 71
- Light Table 73
- Heads-Up Displays 74
- Query HUD 75
- Changing Views 77
- Customizing the Toolbar 78
- Default toolbar 79
- Command Editor Interface 81
- Command groups 82
- Selected key 83
- All available shortcuts 83
- Assigning Keyboard Shortcuts 84
- Setting Aperture Preferences 86
- General Preferences 87
- Appearance Preferences 88
- Export Preferences 89
- Previews Preferences 90
- Metadata Preferences 91
- MobileMe Preferences 92
- 93 93
- Basic Components of Aperture 94
- What Are Versions? 95
- What Are Projects? 96
- What Are Albums? 96
- What Are Folders? 97
- What Is the Library? 98
- Working with Projects 100
- Creating and Naming Projects 101
- A new, untitled 102
- Projects inspector 102
- The project now has the 102
- Opening and Closing Projects 103
- Projects are identified 104
- Close button in a tab 104
- Working with Library Files 106
- Quickly Accessing Commands 108
- Importing Images 109
- Importing 110
- Planning Your Import Strategy 111
- Import dialog 114
- Import arrow 114
- Import pane 114
- Import Images button 114
- When you’re ready 116
- Select the disk where 119
- Select the folder of images 120
- Choose a folder 122
- Subfolders pop-up menu 123
- Select the disk where the 123
- Select the folder 124
- Applying Valid Filenames 128
- Avoiding Special Characters 129
- Creating Custom Name Formats 130
- Click the Reset button 132
- Capturing Images as You Work 135
- Importing Your iPhoto Library 139
- Drag here to resize 142
- Click these buttons to 142
- Making an Immediate Backup 143
- Part II: Photo Editing 147
- Working with Images 149
- An Overview of the Browser 150
- Browser in filmstrip view 151
- 152 Part II Photo Editing 152
- Selecting Images 154
- Filmstrip View button 155
- 156 Part II Photo Editing 156
- List View button 157
- Choosing a Workspace View 158
- Browser rotated 159
- 160 Part II Photo Editing 160
- Search fieldQuery HUD button 161
- 162 Part II Photo Editing 162
- Sorting Images 163
- Rotating Images 163
- 164 Part II Photo Editing 164
- Creating Versions of an Image 165
- 166 Part II Photo Editing 166
- Recovering Deleted Files 168
- Identifying Referenced Images 170
- 172 Part II Photo Editing 172
- Select the volume you 173
- 174 Part II Photo Editing 174
- Select the “File status” 175
- Choose the file status you 175
- 176 Part II Photo Editing 176
- The Browser’s metadata 177
- 179 179
- An Overview of the Viewer 180
- Showing and Hiding the Viewer 182
- Choose Show One from 183
- Comparing Images 184
- Viewing Stacks 185
- Viewing Images with the Loupe 185
- Moving the Loupe 186
- Choose Focus on Cursor 187
- Choose a magnification 187
- 188 Part II Photo Editing 188
- Using the Alternate Loupe 189
- 190 Part II Photo Editing 190
- Zoom Viewer button 191
- Drag the red rectangle 191
- Viewing Master Images 192
- Choose Alternate from 193
- Secondary Viewer 193
- 194 Part II Photo Editing 194
- In the Metadata pane 195
- Working with Preview Images 196
- Controlling Preview Images 197
- 198 Part II Photo Editing 198
- 200 Part II Photo Editing 200
- Rendering Preview Images 201
- 202 Part II Photo Editing 202
- 204 Part II Photo Editing 204
- Dragging and Dropping 205
- Turning Previews Off 205
- Viewing Images 207
- 208 Part II Photo Editing 208
- Full Screen button 209
- Exit Full Screen button 209
- 210 Part II Photo Editing 210
- Version Buttons 211
- Stacking Buttons 212
- Adjustment Tools 212
- Display Controls 213
- Other Buttons 213
- Keywords HUD 214
- Inspector HUD 215
- Tool HUDs 215
- 216 Part II Photo Editing 216
- Commands > Customize 217
- Stacking Images 219
- 220 Part II Photo Editing 220
- Creating Stacks 221
- Creating Stacks Automatically 222
- Comparing Images in Stacks 223
- Creating Stacks Manually 224
- Working with Stacks 225
- Opening and Closing Stacks 226
- Arranging Images in a Stack 227
- Splitting Stacks 228
- Dragging Stacks 229
- 230 Part II Photo Editing 230
- Rating Images 233
- 234 Part II Photo Editing 234
- The rating you assign is 237
- Sorting Images by Rating 238
- Comparing and Rating Images 240
- The new alternate 241
- Applying Keywords to Images 243
- An Overview of Keywords 244
- Keyword controls 245
- Lift tool in the tool strip 245
- Stamp tool 245
- 246 Part II Photo Editing 246
- 248 Part II Photo Editing 248
- Choose a metadata view 249
- 250 Part II Photo Editing 250
- Controls in the Keywords HUD 251
- 252 Part II Photo Editing 252
- Click the disclosure 253
- 254 Part II Photo Editing 254
- 256 Part II Photo Editing 256
- 258 Part II Photo Editing 258
- 260 Part II Photo Editing 260
- 262 Part II Photo Editing 262
- 264 Part II Photo Editing 264
- Deselect the RAW Fine 265
- Tuning checkbox 265
- 266 Part II Photo Editing 266
- 268 Part II Photo Editing 268
- Working with Metadata 269
- 270 Part II Photo Editing 270
- 272 Part II Photo Editing 272
- Select this checkbox to 275
- 276 Part II Photo Editing 276
- 278 Part II Photo Editing 278
- 280 Part II Photo Editing 280
- Working with Metadata Views 281
- 282 Part II Photo Editing 282
- Managing Metadata Views 283
- Working with Metadata Presets 284
- Managing Metadata Presets 286
- Batch Changing Metadata 288
- Understanding Badge Overlays 290
- 292 Part II Photo Editing 292
- Adjusting Image Date and Time 293
- Searching for 295
- An Overview of Searching 296
- 298 Part II Photo Editing 298
- Controls in the Query HUD 300
- Click the Query HUD 301
- Library name to search 301
- 302 Part II Photo Editing 302
- Searching by Keyword 303
- 304 Part II Photo Editing 304
- Searching by Date 305
- 306 Part II Photo Editing 306
- Searching by Rating 307
- Searching by IPTC Information 308
- Searching by EXIF Information 309
- Searching by Adjustments 310
- Searching by Import Session 311
- Searching by File Status 312
- Searching by Other Metadata 312
- 314 Part II Photo Editing 314
- Saving Your Search Results 315
- Grouping Images 317
- An Overview of Smart Albums 318
- 320 Part II Photo Editing 320
- Show the Browser’s 321
- Query HUD and specify 321
- Select the Smart Album 321
- 322 Part II Photo Editing 322
- Project or Album 323
- Deleting a Smart Album 324
- Part III: Performing Image 325
- Adjustments 325
- An Overview 327
- Add Adjustments 331
- Using the Adjustment Controls 332
- Resetting Parameter Values 333
- Toolbar shown at the 334
- Always Show Toolbar 334
- Select an image that has 335
- Creating Adjustment Presets 338
- Applying Adjustment Presets 339
- Renaming Adjustment Presets 340
- Organizing Adjustment Presets 341
- Remove Adjustments Command 342
- Using the Color Meter 346
- Sampling Color Values 347
- Choosing a Color Value Option 348
- Choose a color value 349
- Using an External Editor 350
- RAW Decode Version 351
- Using the Boost Controls 352
- Using the Sharpening Controls 353
- Using the Moire Controls 355
- Working with DNG Files 357
- Setting the Camera Default 358
- Evaluating Exposure 360
- Making Image Adjustments 365
- Auto Exposure 366
- Auto Levels 366
- Separate 366
- Combined 366
- Click the Auto Exposure 368
- Before Red Eye adjustment 373
- After Red Eye adjustment 373
- Drag the Radius slider 376
- Before Sensitivity adjustment 377
- (the eyelids are desaturated) 377
- After Sensitivity adjustment 377
- Target Overlays 378
- Drag the Red Eye target 379
- Repairing Your Images 382
- Brush over the blemish 383
- Cloning Your Images 384
- Click the Delete button 385
- Spotting Your Images 386
- Click a blemish to place 387
- Patching Your Images 388
- The Spot & Patch tool 396
- Drag within the image 400
- Use the Rotate slider and 401
- Before Crop adjustment 402
- After Crop adjustment 402
- Drag across the image 403
- Drag a resize handle to 404
- Drag the Crop overlay 404
- Click the White Balance 409
- Use the Tint slider 411
- Before Exposure adjustment 412
- After Exposure adjustment 412
- Use the Exposure 413
- Setting the Image’s Blacks 414
- Use the Black Point slider 415
- Before Contrast adjustment 417
- After Contrast adjustment 417
- Use the Contrast slider 418
- Before Vibrancy adjustment 421
- After Vibrancy adjustment 421
- Use the Vibrancy 422
- Before Black Tint adjustment 423
- After Black Tint adjustment 423
- Before White Tint adjustment 426
- After White Tint adjustment 426
- Before Levels adjustment 429
- After Levels adjustment 429
- Before Gray Levels adjustment 431
- After Gray Levels adjustment 431
- Grey Levels slider 431
- Before Blue Levels adjustment 435
- After Blue Levels adjustment 435
- Before Highlights adjustment 436
- After Highlights adjustment 436
- Use the Radius slider and 439
- (increased high tonal width) 441
- Before Color adjustment 445
- After Color adjustment 445
- Use the Range slider 450
- Click the Color 451
- Before Monochrome Mixer 452
- After Monochrome Mixer 452
- Use the Red, Green, and 454
- Blue sliders and value 454
- After Edge Sharpen adjustment 459
- Applying an Exposure Vignette 464
- Applying a Gamma Vignette 465
- Switching Vignette Types 467
- Printing Your Images 471
- An Overview of Printing 472
- Printing Tips 473
- Controls in the Print Dialog 474
- Printing a Single Image 477
- Printing a Series of Images 477
- Printing a Book 479
- Creating a New Print Preset 480
- Duplicating a Print Preset 481
- Proofing Your Images Onscreen 482
- Calibrating Your Printer 483
- Exporting Your Images 487
- Exporting Copies of Masters 489
- Exporting Image Versions 492
- Enter a dpi setting for 494
- Choose a Size To 495
- Renaming Images at Export 496
- Select an existing name 497
- Click the Add button 497
- Select the space 499
- Select the name format 499
- Adjusting Images at Export 500
- Adding a Watermark at Export 501
- Exporting Using Plug-ins 503
- Working with Export Presets 505
- Creating an Export Preset 506
- Modifying an Export Preset 507
- Deleting an Export Preset 508
- 509 509
- An Overview of Slideshows 510
- Creating a Slideshow 512
- Controlling a Slideshow 513
- Creating Slideshow Presets 516
- Modifying Slideshow Presets 517
- Select this checkbox 519
- Using the Light Table 523
- Creating a Light Table Album 525
- Show Unplaced Images button 527
- Show All Images button 527
- The top image is 530
- Click the Uncover button 530
- Drag a selection 533
- Deleting a Light Table Album 534
- Creating Webpages 535
- Webpages 536
- Web Journals 537
- Creating Smart Webpage Albums 540
- Creating Web Journals 542
- Choosing and Modifying Themes 545
- Left and right arrows 546
- Columns value slider 546
- Working with Webpages 548
- Adding Pages to a Web Journal 550
- Exporting Webpages 551
- Exporting to MobileMe 552
- Available presets are 555
- The right side of the 555
- Creating Web Export Presets 557
- Modifying Web Export Presets 558
- Deleting Web Export Presets 558
- Setting up a MobileMe account 560
- Setting MobileMe Preferences 561
- Creating a MobileMe Album 561
- Updating MobileMe Galleries 563
- Creating Books 567
- An Overview of Creating Books 568
- Text box 571
- Photo box 571
- Planning Your Book 573
- Creating a Book Album 575
- Choosing a Theme 579
- Viewing Pages 580
- Resizing the Page View 581
- Placing Images in a Book 582
- Placing Images Automatically 583
- Adding and Removing Pages 584
- Working with Pages 589
- Choosing a Master Page Layout 591
- Copying Pages 591
- Reordering Pages in a Book 591
- Removing Pages from a Book 592
- Choosing a Background Image 592
- Arranging Images on the Page 595
- Removing Photo Boxes 597
- Working with Text 598
- Adding Text Boxes to a Page 599
- Add Metadata Box button 600
- Set Metadata Format 600
- Choosing a Text Style 601
- Making Font Changes in Books 601
- Arranging Text on the Page 602
- Layout Options 603
- Working with Master Pages 604
- Viewing Master Pages 605
- Working with Custom Themes 607
- Copying a Book Album 608
- Printing Books 609
- Backing Up Your Images 611
- Planning Your Backup System 613
- Working with the Vault Pane 614
- Controls in the Vault Pane 615
- Creating Vaults 616
- Updating Vaults 617
- Deleting a Vault Permanently 619
- Glossary 623
- Setting Up an Aperture System 625
- Setting Up a Basic System 626
- Additional RAM 627
- Additional Displays 628
- FireWire 629
- DC power 629
- ADC to DVI adapter 630
- The red outline indicates 632
- Drag the menu bar to the 633
- 635 635
- What Is a Device’s Gamut? 636
- What Is a Color Space? 637
- What Is a Device Profile? 638
- Calibrating Your Camera 639
- 644 Glossary 644
- Glossary 645 645
- 646 Glossary 646
- Glossary 647 647
- 648 Glossary 648
- Glossary 649 649
- 650 Glossary 650
- Glossary 651 651
- 652 Glossary 652
- Glossary 653 653
- 654 Glossary 654
- Glossary 655 655
- 656 Glossary 656
- Glossary 657 657
- 658 Glossary 658
- Glossary 659 659
- 660 Glossary 660
- Glossary 661 661
- 662 Glossary 662
- Glossary 663 663
- 664 Glossary 664
- Glossary 665 665
- 666 Glossary 666
- Glossary 667 667
- 668 Glossary 668
- Glossary 669 669
- 671 671
- 672 Index 672
- Index 673 673
- 674 Index 674
- Index 675 675
- 676 Index 676
- Index 677 677
- 678 Index 678
- Index 679 679
- 680 Index 680
- Index 681 681
- 682 Index 682
- Index 683 683
- 684 Index 684
- Index 685 685
- 686 Index 686
- Index 687 687
- 688 Index 688
- Index 689 689
- 690 Index 690
- Index 691 691
- 692 Index 692
- Index 693 693
- 694 Index 694
- Index 695 695
- 696 Index 696
- Index 697 697
- 698 Index 698
- Index 699 699
- 700 Index 700
- Index 701 701
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