Apple Mac OS X Server Version 10.4 or Later Manual do Utilizador Página 95
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Appendix Certificates and Security 95
Certificate Authorities (CA)
A Certificate Authority (CA) is an entity which signs and issues digital identity
certificates claiming trust of the identified party. In this sense, it’s a trusted third party
between two transactions.
In x.509 systems, CAs are hierarchical in nature, with CAs being certified by CAs, until
you reach a “root authority.” The hierarchy of certificates is always a top-down, with a
root authority’s certificate at the top. A root authority is a CA that’s trusted by enough
or all of the interested parties, so that it doesn’t need to be authenticated by yet
another trusted third party.
A CA can be a company that, for a fee, signs and issues a public key certificate which
states that the CA attests that the public key contained in the certificate belongs to its
owner, as recorded in the certificate. In a sense, CA is a “digital notary public.” One
applies to the CA for a certificate by providing identity and contact information, as well
as the public key. A CA must check an applicant’s identity, so that users can trust
certificates issued by that CA to belong to the identified applicant.
Identities
Identities, in the context of the Mac OS X Server Certificate Manager, are the
combination of a signed certificate for both keys of a PKI keypair. The identities are
used by the system keychain, and are available for use by various services that support
SSL.
Self-Signed Certificates
Self-signed certificates are certificates that are digitally signed by the private key of the
keypair included in the certificate. This is done in place of a CA signing the certificate.
By self-signing a certificate, you’re attesting that you are who you say you are. No
trusted third party is involved.
Certificate Manager in Server Admin
Mac OS X Server’s Certificate Manager is integrated into Server Admin to help you
create, use, and maintain identities for SSL-enabled services.
Certificate Manager provides integrated management of SSL certificates in Mac OS X
Server for all services that allow the use of SSL certificates.
The Certificate Manager allows creation of self-signed certificates, and certificate-
signing requests (CSRs), to obtain a certificate signed by a CA. The certificates, either
self-signed, or signed by a CA, are accessible by the services that support SSL.
Identities that were previously created and stored in OpenSSL files can also be
imported into the Certificate Manager, and are then accessible to all the services that
support SSL.
- Mac OS X Server 1
- Contents 3
- Glossary 101 7
- Index 111 7
- About This Guide 9
- Using Onscreen Help 10
- The Mac OS X Server Suite 11
- Getting Documentation Updates 12
- Mail Service Setup 15
- Mail Service Protocols 16
- Where Mail Is Stored 18
- Using Web Service with Mail 19
- How Mail Service Uses SSL 22
- Before You Begin 23
- Setup Overview 24
- Enabling POP Access 26
- Enabling IMAP Access 27
- Enabling SMTP Access 32
- Supporting Mail Users 37
- Running a Virtual Host 41
- Managing Mail Quotas 44
- Configuring Quota Warnings 45
- Connection Control 46
- Filtering SMTP Connections 49
- Email Screening 49
- Sieve Scripting Support 54
- Mail Service Maintenance 57
- Holding Outbound Mail Service 58
- Reloading Mail Service 59
- Improving Performance 59
- Repairing the Mail Database 60
- Monitoring Mail Service 65
- Viewing Mail Accounts 67
- Viewing Mail Service Logs 67
- • Low (errors only) 68
- • High (all events) 68
- Dealing With a Full Disk 69
- Internet 72
- Mailing Lists 73
- Setting Up a Mailing List 74
- Creating a New Mailing List 75
- 76 Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 76
- Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 77 77
- 78 Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 78
- Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 79 79
- Administering Mailing Lists 80
- Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 81 81
- 82 Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 82
- Designating a List Moderator 83
- Archiving a List’s Mail 83
- Viewing Mailing List Archives 84
- Removing a List Subscriber 85
- Suspending a Subscriber 85
- List Subscriber’s Options 86
- Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 87 87
- 88 Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 88
- Disabling List Mail Delivery 89
- Toggling Digest Mode 89
- • Email address 90
- • Name on the list 90
- • Posting acknowledgments 90
- • Message copy handling 90
- Chapter 3 Mailing Lists 91 91
- Certificates and Security 93
- Public and Private Keys 94
- Certificates 94
- Certificate Authorities (CA) 95
- Identities 95
- Self-Signed Certificates 95
- Readying Certificates 96
- Managing Certificates 98
- Using The Certificates 99
- Glossary 101
- 102 Glossary 102
- Glossary 103 103
- 104 Glossary 104
- Glossary 105 105
- 106 Glossary 106
- Glossary 107 107
- 108 Glossary 108
- Glossary 109 109
- 112 Index 112
- Index 113 113
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